A Preliminary Investigation of Bird Diversity in Nanjing
Abstract
To find out the classification information and distribution information of common birds in Nanjing, China, and provide reference for the government to formulate the protection policy of bird, this paper analyzes the bird observation data from 2007 to 2016 in the Bird Observation Center (Nanjing area), and analyzes the ecological changes of the observation points in combination with the Nanjing land using situation. The results show that Nanjing is an important bird habitat, with many species and national protected species, but in recent years, the acceleration of urbanization and human activities have seriously affected these originally good bird distribution areas, government departments should strengthen the response and management.
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Introduction
From May 2012 to April 2013, Peng Lifeng selected four habitats in Suzhou industrial park, set up 17 sample lines and 24 sample points, and studied the bird community monthly. A total of 130 species of birds were recorded, belonging to 41 families of 12 orders. Among them, the resident birds, summer birds, winter birds and passing migrant birds accounted for 26.15%, 25.38%, 27.69% and 20.77% of the total species, respectively. The cosmopolitan species and palaearctic realm species accounted main part of them, and has both oriental species and obvious characteristics of north-south transition. In terms of seasonal dynamics, the number of bird species in the park showed that, spring > winter > autumn > summer, and the density of the birds showed that, winter > autumn > spring > summer. The wetland habitat has the largest number of birds and uniform distribution; Road habitat bird species are the least, uneven distribution, but the dominant species, mainly common companion birds. The clustering results show that environmental conditions are important factors affecting bird composition.
Nanjing is located in the eastern part of China, is the capital city of Jiangsu province, located in the southwest of Jiangsu province, geographical coordinates for 31 degrees 14 minutes to 32 degrees 37 minutes north latitude, longitude 118 degrees 22 minutes to 119 degrees 14 minutes, the terrain is given priority to with low hills, there are ZiJin mountain, Mufu mountain, Qixia mountain, Tang mountain, etc., accounting for about 60% of the total area of the city, and the water system is developed, there are the Yangtze river, Qinhuai river. The city's forest coverage rate is 26.4%, 45%, good environmental air quality, urban environment is beautiful. Nanjing is a subtropical monsoon climate, four distinct seasons, annual average temperature is 15.4 degrees Celsius, and rainfall is abundant, annual average rainfall reached 1200 mm.
Conclusion
Urbanization is the process of globalization's artificial environment change, and the effect of urbanization on birds is explored on a multi-scale basis. The results have a lot of enlightenment for us to study the relationship between human, wildlife and environment. Because urbanization has a dual impact on urban bird diversity, we should take different measures to protect urban birds for different habitats. To strengthen the protection of Zijin mountain, Mufu mountain, Qixia mountain, Tang mountain, Fangmountain, Lao mountain, to minimize artificial interference and blind development and utilization; To adopt effective measures to restore these degraded ecosystems in the wetlands such as Xuanwu lake, Mochou lake and the wetlands along the river; For urban park green space and residential areas these birds indispensable important habitat, can increase plant species, the establishment of natural tree species of islands, make artificial landscape diversity. Through these measures to protect urban birds, promote the formation of a good bird - man - environment three-in-one symbiotic circle.
