Assessment of Pressurized Irrigation Systems in Hürkuş Public Park at Pursaklar Province of Ankara, Türkiye

In general landscape plants are planted in parks or other nearby buildings for improvement spiritual comfort of people. Those plants serve as facilitating shading areas for people or animals from sunshine burning impacts, windbreaks and so on. As known that adequate plant growth can be accomplished under no water stress during whole plant growing cycles. Water stress through the rooting systems for mature plants causes slow drops of leaves and declines in plant growth [1]. Successful irrigation water management has reduced environmental risks and improves the water savings. In the literature review, previous studies have focused on irrigation program of turf grasses in general and almost very little about woody plants [2]. In obtaining nice view in parks, timely irrigation is very important role to play particularly in water shortage ecologies such Ankara province of Türkiye. Due to the plenty advantages, pressurized irrigation systems are getting high popularity inmost parts of the Türkiye including middle Anatolia region of Türkiye.

Uses of water saving irrigation technologies and doing regular maintenance-repair works for those irrigation system tools are very efficient ways for water economy [3]. It is possible to save water around 30-60% by using drip irrigation technique [4]. Similarly, Manda et al. [5] mentioned about 50% water and 30% fertilizer savings in drip irrigation by comparison to the surface irrigation methods. Water application in drip irrigation technique over surface irrigation systems was almost 30-70%, and production increment was around 20-90% [6]. Water consumption in urban landscape depends on some factors such as designing of landscape, managerial processes, and environmental characteristics. Thus, productive water use in urban residential purpose is also very important in water resources sustainability [7]. In areas where water shortage is serious problem, drought tolerant plants should be planted instead of water sensitive crops. Incase of considering high water consuming crops such as grass, wilting or complete drying could be observed due to the insufficient water application and late irrigation during the crop growth cycles [8]. The most important input in landscape areas is watering particularly arid and semi-arid environments. To accomplish well water management, crop patterns should be organized in accordance of current water supplies in such regions [9]. Correct design of the sprinkler irrigation systems leads to high watering uniformity. There are plenty different design types of such systems, and installation costs as well as water application uniformity are affected from system designs [10]. In addition, effects of environmental variables on plant growth should be well understood for successful management of irrigation systems [4]. In irrigation program, having correct information about evapotranspiration (ETc) is vital important. ETc depends on atmospheric conditions such as temperature, relative humidity, wind speed, altitude, and crop characteristics including crop type, growing cycle, root depth, and leaf properties [11]. Limited studies are present in literatures relevant to assessment of irrigation systems using at landscape areas [12]. Therefore, the aim of the present study is to evaluate the drip or sprinkler irrigation systems as a sample Hürkuş public park within Pursaklar town of Türkiye.