Effect of Nutrient Management on Grain Yield of Aerobic Rice Under Irrigated Condition During Pre-Kharif Season
Abstract
A field experiment on ‘Effect of nutrient management on grain yield of aerobic rice under irrigated condition during Pre-kharif season’ was conducted at Rice Research Station, Bankura, West Bengal, India during 2011 and 2012, respectively in upland situation of red and laterite areas of West Bengal. The experimental result revealed that grain yield of rice in aerobic situation was not significantly influenced by the irrigation schedules during pre-kharif season. Among the levels of nutrient management practices, highest grain yield (4.42 t ha-1) of aerobic rice [variety: Puspa (IET 17509)] was obtained from the treatment N2 [N1 (N, P2O5, K2O @ 80, 40, 40 kg ha-1) + Vermicompost @ 2.5 t ha-1]. It is the most promising approaches for saving water and labour. This is eco-friendly and environmentally safety. Rice production in aerobically is an important tool to mitigating the global warming i.e. climate change scenario.
Keywords
Download Options
Introduction
Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is an important staple food and grown across the world. It is the second most widely consumed cereal in the World next to wheat (Kumari et al., 2014). But Rice cultivation is a water intensive enterprise. Rice consumes more than 50% of the water used for irrigation in Asia (Barker et al., 1999). On the other hand by the end of 21st Century, the earth’s climate is predicted to warm by an average of 2-40C (IPCC, 2007). Now days water becoming scarcity for agriculture purposes. Therefore there is need to develop an alternative system for rice cultivation, which saves water. Aerobic rice system is the method of rice cultivation, where the rice crop is established by direct seeding (dry or water-soaked seed) in unpuddle field. There is no need of raising of seedling in nursery bed and puddle operation in the main field (Jana, 2012). Aerobic rice cultivation can reduce the irrigation by about 40-50 percent when compared to transplanted rice. Compared with flooded lowland rice, aerobic rice requires 30-50% less water (Bouman et al., 2005). Supplementary irrigation is applied in aerobic rice system of cultivation as and when required (Bouman and Tuong, 2001; Wang et al., 2002). Aerobic rice system in un-puddle situation during boro season by using short duration rice varieties (namely cv. puspa, annada etc.) is possible through good management practices and it is the future rice (Jana, 2013a and Jana, 2013b).
Information of nutrient management with varying levels of irrigation schedules for maximizing grain yield of rice under aerobic situation are scanty. Therefore, an attempt was made for achieving maximum production of rice in red and laterite areas of West Bengal, India under changed climate. The objective of the present study was to study the effect of nutrient management practices and irrigation schedule on grain yield of aerobic rice system. Keeping the above facts in mind this present study was conducted with the objective to study the effect of nutrient management on grain yield of aerobic rice under irrigated condition during kharif season.
Conclusion
From the present study, it can be concluded that nutrient management practices like, the treatment N2 [N1 (N, P2O5, K2O @ 80, 40, 40 kg ha-1) + Vermicompost @ 2.5 t ha-1] and treatment N3 [N1 (N, P2O5, K2O @ 80, 40, 40 kg ha-1) + FYM @ 5 t ha-1] were promising for realizing best aerobic rice grain yield and improved the rice soil health status. Aerobic rice system may be recommended in upland situation of red and laterite areas. In recent years, uneven distribution, erratic pattern and irregular rains due to climate change (global warming) has limited rice cultivation. Aerobic rice cultivation is a sustainable rice production methodology for immediate future to address water scarcity and environmental safety arising due to global warming. Aerobic rice is the rice for the future.