Effect of Temperature on Physical Properties of CNSL based Termiticides
Abstract
Cashew nut shell liquid based termiticides using neemseed oil, karanjseed oil and bhilawan shell liquid, were developed and the effect of 30, 60, 90 and 120 0C temperatures on viscosity, refractive index, specific gravity and colour was studied. It was observed that viscosity and refractive index of termiticides decreased with heating temperature from 30 to 120 0C, specific gravity found decreased with increase in temperature from 30, 60 and 900C. Colour of Neemseed oil became bright yellow and of Cashew nut shell liquid, Karanjseed oil and Bhilawan shell liquid became darker when heated at temperature from 30 to 120 0C. CNSL based termiticides were oil based therefore the properties of oils were reflected in the termiticide formulations with respect to the temperature.
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Introduction
Use of chemicals for termite control is in huge quantity world over which adds in the problems of biotic and abiotic factors in the environment. Plant oils in the nature having termiticidal properties can be safer, cheaper and easily available alternative to the hazardous chemical termiticides in the market. Various plants like Cashew nut (Anacardium occidental), Neem (Azadirachta indica), Karanj (Pongamia pinnata) and Bhilawa or Markingnut (Semecarpus anacardium Linn.) have been found to have termiticidal properties. These trees are abundantly available in coastal and semi-arid regions of India and the world. Therefore, cashew nut shell liquid(CNSL), neemseed oil(NSO), karanjseed oil(KSO) and bhilawan shell liquid(BSL) were used to develop CNSL based termiticides to reduce the use of hazardous chemicals in agriculture as pesticides in general and for termite control in special. Sixteen formulations of CNSL (100, 80, 70, 60, 50%), NSO (10, 15, 20, 25, 100%), KSO (10, 15, 20, 25, 100%) and BSL (10, 15, 20, 25, 100%) were made to develop CNSL based termiticide. The influence of atmospheric temperature on physicochemical properties of oils used in the study may affect the mixing of oils, forming uniform coat on the surface of wood samples and absorption of solution by wood samples when dipped in it. Hence effect of temperature on viscosity, refractive index, specific gravity and colour of CNSL based termiticides was studied. This study was conducted in the laboratories of Dept. of Agricultural Process Engineering., Dept. of Electrical and Other Energy Sources; and Dept. of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Dr. BSKKV, Dapoli, Dept. of Petrochemical Engineering in Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Technical University, Lonere, Dist. Raigad and Insta Pollutech Lab, Pune.
Conclusion
Four oils: Cashew nut shell liquid (50, 60, 70, 80, 100), Neemseed oil (10, 15, 20, 25, 100), Karanjseed oil (10, 15, 20, 25, 100) and Bhilawan shell liquid (10, 15, 20, 25, 100) were used to make CNSL based termiticide. Effect of temperature on viscosity, refractive index, specific gravity and colour of termiticide formulations was studied and conclusions were drawn as below:
- Viscosity refractive index and specific gravity of CNSL based termiticide was found decreased with increase in temperature from 30 to 120 0C.
- Colour of CNSL based termiticide became darker when heated from 30 to 120 0C.
- CNSL based termiticides were oil based therefore the properties of oils were reflected in the termiticide formulations with respect to the temperature.