Efficacy of Novel Fungicides for the Management of Sheath Blight of Rice Caused by Rhizoctonia solani (Kuhn)
Abstract
In the present studies eight fungicides were evaluated against the sheath blight disease of rice during Kharif-2021-23. Among the different fungicides evaluated, two sprays of azoxystrobin 18.2 + difenoconazole 11.4 (29.6 SC)at 0.03 percent (10 ml/10 l. water) or trifloxystrobin 25 + tebuconazole 50 (75 WG), 0.03 percent (04g/10 l.water) for effective management of sheath blight. First spray should be applied at appearance of disease and second spray at booting stage. PHI 31 days for azoxystrobin 18.2 + difenoconazole 11.4 (29.6 SC) or 21 days for trifloxystrobin 25 + tebuconazole 50 (75 WG). The other effective fungicides were viz., fluxapyroxad 62.5g/l FS + epoxiconazole 62.5 g/L EC, tebuconazole 25.9 EC, Flusilazole 12.5 + carbendazim 25 (37.5 SE), Kresoxim methyl 44.3 SC, Zineb 68 + hexaconazole 4 (72 WP) and Propiconazole 25 EC.
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Introduction
Rice (Oryza sativa L.)is one of the popular cereal crop as well as staple food for more than two-thirds of the Indian population and playing a vital role in the people’sfood, feed and livelihood security. Sheath blight disease is potentially an emerging fungal disease is and major biotic constraint of rice in almost all rice growing areas of India. Sheath blight of paddy caused by Rhizoctonia solani Kuhn [Thanatephorus cucumeris (Frank) Donk]. The potential losses occur due to sheath blight singly in India up to 51.3 percent (Rajan, 1987). Sheath blight is currently ranked second position, it is a widely distributed soil-borne plant parasitic-saprophytic fungus (Mirmajlessi et al., 2012). Sheath blight, also known as “oriental sheath and leaf blight” of rice was first reported in Japan by Miyake (1910) Subsequently, its occurrence was recorded throughout the temperate and tropical rice growing areas including Africa, Bangladesh, Brazil, Burma, Colombia, China, Cuba, Germany, Fiji, Formosa, India, Indonesia, Iran, Korea, Liberia, Madagascar, Malaya, Malaysia, Netherland, Nigeria, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Russia, Senegal, Sri Lanka, Surinam, Taiwan, Thailand, Trinidad, Tobago, UK, USA, Venezuela and Vietnam (Singh et al., 2016).
Conclusion
Field experiment with eight fungicides with two sprays carried out in Randomised Block Design (RBD) with three replications conducted to find outmost effective fungicides for the management of sheath blight disease. Among the tested fungicides, azoxystrobin 18.2 + difenoconazole 11.4 (29.6 SC)at 0.03 percent (10 ml/10 L. water) or trifloxystrobin 25 + tebuconazole 50 (75 WG), 0.03 percent (04g/10 L. water) were found effective for management of sheath blight. The first spray should be given at appearance of disease and second spray at booting stage. PHI 31 days for azoxystrobin 18.2 + difenoconazole 11.4 (29.6 SC) or 21 days for trifloxystrobin 25 + tebuconazole 50 (75 WG).
