Mapping of Milk Processing Units in Organized Sector: A Case Study for Haryana
Abstract
The State Haryana is known for its major crops like wheat and rice and stands at the second largest contributor of food grains in India. Just like that Haryana ranks second in milk production. Dairy farming is also a form of agriculture in which milk is extracted from cow, buffalo, goat etc. then it sell by vendors from different rural and suburb regions to informal sector agents or to cooperative agents. This milk distributed further indifferent ways. Milk production is no more subsistence in nature and organized sector is a best example to prove it because cooperatives is an independent association of persons those fulfill their economic needs and distribution of milk and milk products is all a business as we can see it in “Haryana Dairy Development Cooperative Federation Ltd.” This federation is famous by vita brand which was opened by the Haryana govt. on the pattern of Amul.
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Introduction
Dairy is an agricultural industry in which milk alone valued more than combined value of wheat and rice. It covers about 1/3rd of gross income of rural households. Haryana, in spite of being a small state with only 1.3 % of total geographical area has a prominent space in the livestock map of the country. Haryana contributes 98.09 lakh tones milk per year which is more than 5.6% of the nation’stotal milk production. Before 1970s, the condition of dairy farming was not as appreciable as it is now because there is so much miscoordinance between rural milk producers and organized milk sectors. So this kind of poor connectivity creates problems like-poor rural milk producers didn’tknow the real price of their milk and on the other side, organized milk plants were deprived of from the valuable milk of rural area. But as we can say nothing is impossible, so on 13th January 1970, the “White Revolution” was started by Indian government with the objective to push the limits of dairy farming and to make it more valuable and economically more productive. This idea of “Operation Flood” was come through the success of “Green Revolution” in India. This revolution made dairy farming, a single self – sustaining industry in India. Over the span of three decades, India has transformed from a country of acute milk shortage to the world’sleading milk producer. India is the largest producer of milk in the world since 1998. During 2016-17, the annual output was 165.40 million tons accounting for 20% of the world milk share. The per capita availability of milk during 2016-17 was 352 gmper day as against world average of 299 gmper day. After that, Haryana ranks second in country with availability of 877 grm. of milk per person today.
Conclusion
Milk is a complete staple food in our life and dairy farming is a class of agriculture for long term production of milk, which is processed and sale as a dairy product. So this paper represents the dairy farming as an agriculture form in which milk extracted from animals like – cows, buffalo, goat etc. and then this milk processed into various products like – ghee, butter, cheese, curd and many more. So these processing are done in many ways because it’sdepend on our demand that which method we prefer. There are two kinds of milk processing units-organized and unorganized, the basic difference is that organized sector is of cooperatives and unorganized or informal sector’sagents collect loose milk from rural vendors and sell them with quick access, and this is the main reason that’swhy our 70% of the population instate takes milk from informal sectors. There are six unions of milk federation in Haryana those are working but not as a team, so there is a highlight through this paper for formal sectors that they should improve their working skills and make efforts to attract public from loose milk to packaged milk with guarantee of freshness and nutrients. Vita federation was leased out the plants to the milk unions in six districts of Haryana those are not enough because demand is likely to grow in future years and government must unlock some schemes for dairy farmers to attract their interest by giving them appropriate price of their product.
