Pathomorphological and Haematobiochemical Changes in PPR Affected Goats of Malwa Region

Authors: Hemlata Dandotiya; Rashmi Choudhary; Supriya Shukla; Joycee Jogi; Shweta Rajoriya
Pathomorphological and Haematobiochemical Changes in PPR Affected Goats of Malwa Region
DOI
10.25125/ijoear-sep-2026-26
DIN
IJOEAR-SEP-2026-26
Abstract

The study was carried out to determine the pathomorphological and haematobiochemical changes in PPR affected goats of Malwa region, Madhya Pradesh. During six months duration, 500 goats were screened irrespective of age, sex and breed with 100 goats showing clinical symptoms similar to PPR were taken for study. Haematobiochemical analysis revealed significantly decreased haematological parameters, leukocytosis with significant neutrophilia and lymphopenia. On biochemical analysis, significant changes were observed in total protein and ALT values. Gross and microscopic lesions suggestive of PPR were observed in respiratory, digestive and lymphoid system in lungs, abomasum and mesenteric lymph nodes and presence of intracytoplasmic and intranuclear inclusion bodies evident in epithelial cell lining of bronchi and bronchioles, respectively.

Keywords
Goats Gross and Microscopic changes Haematobiochemical changes Histopathological changes PPR.
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Introduction

PPR is a highly contagious viral disease that primarily affects small ruminants, with goats showing higher susceptibility to infection and disease manifestation (Ezeokoli et al., 1986). The disease has been consistently reported across various regions of the country and is now recognized as endemic, leading to significant economic losses in the small ruminant sector. In areas where PPR is endemic, the virus poses a major barrier to the development of a sustainable small ruminant industry. Gross pathological findings includes watery, mucopurulent ocular and nasal discharge, erosions and ulceration of the oral mucosa, diarrhoea with encrustations of the nostrils (Mabdoli and Ali, 2012). Pneumonic lungs with congestion and consolidation of the cardiac lobe is present. The intestinal mucosa is usually congested, haemorrhagic and covered with mucus (Rahman et al., 2011). Histopathological findings shows syncytial cells and eosinophilic intracytoplasmic inclusion bodies in bronchial epithelium cells (Patel et al., 2017) and variable degrees of lymphoid cell depletion especially in mesenteric lymph nodes (Chauhan et al., 2011). Marked haemoconcentration, neutrophilic leucocytosis with lymphopenia, eosinophilia, and monocytosis and biochemical analysis showed consistent increase in BUN, albumin and fibrinogen associated with the pattern of pneumonia (Emikpe et al., 2013). Controlling PPR in endemic regions will be more easier and effective with the support of patho-haematobiochemical findings and to study the incidence of Peste-des-petits-ruminants in goats of Malwa region, Mhow (M.P.).

Conclusion

The present study was carried out to determine the pathomorphological and haematobiochemical changes in PPR affected goats of Malwa region, Madhya Pradesh. During the six-month study period, 500 goats were screened irrespective of age, sex and breed, among which 100 goats showing clinical symptoms similar to PPR were selected and subjected to detailed antemortem, post-mortem, histopathological and haematobiochemical examinations. The diagnosis of PPR disease in goats of Malwa region was based on clinical examination, post-mortem changes, histopathological and haematobiochemical changes that were suggestive of PPR virus infection.

Gross and microscopic lesions suggestive of PPR were observed in the respiratory, digestive and lymphoid systems, particularly in the lungs, abomasum and mesenteric lymph nodes, along with the presence of intracytoplasmic and intranuclear inclusion bodies in the epithelial cell lining of bronchi and bronchioles, respectively. Haematological analysis revealed significantly decreased haematological parameters, leukocytosis with significant neutrophilia and lymphopenia, while biochemical analysis showed significant changes in total protein and ALT values. The present findings confirm that PPR in goats is associated with characteristic pathomorphological and haematobiochemical alterations that can aid in the diagnosis of the disease and will be helpful in formulating effective control and preventive strategies against this economically important disease in endemic regions

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