Preliminary Study on Investigation of Turf Fungi Disease in Hailing District, Taizhou City, Jiangsu Province China
Abstract
In order to find out the disease of turf fungi and the damage of the disease to the lawn in Hailing District of Taizhou, this paper investigates fungal diseases of lawn and grassland, such as Festuca arundinacea, Cynodon dactylon, Zoysia matrella, Lolium perenne, Trifolium repens, in major parks and urban green spaces in Hailing District of Taizhou City. Then this paper separated and identified pathogenic fungi, mainly there are Alternaria alternate, Bipolaris sorokinianum, Drechslaris poae and Curvularia lunata, etc (8 kinds in all), and then basically defined the species, distributions and damage of turfgrass fungal diseases in Hailing District, Taizhou. In the meantime, this paper put forward specific proposals for the prevention and control of lawn diseases.
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Introduction
In recent years, As China'seconomy grows, people'srequirements for the ecological environment are constantly improving. The development speed of lawn industry in our country is very fast. Especially in recent years, the evaluation activities of civilized cities and livable cities allover the country have made the lawn green area of large and medium-sized cities increase rapidly. According to incomplete statistics, in nearly 500 cities in the country, the lawn area is nearly 70,000 hectares, and the lawn area in Beijing, Shanghai, Dalian is increasing at the rate of 1.50,2.3 and 2.4 million square meters each year [1]. With the enlargement of lawn planting area, lawn diseases also increase. In less severe cases, this makes the lawn greenish and yellowing, forming exsciccation patches, affecting the appreciation and use of lawns. In severe cases, this will kill the lawn quickly. Diseases not only affect the ornamental value of the lawn, but also affect the commercial operation and environmental beautification of the lawn [2,3]. Therefore, the investigation and control of lawn diseases have become an indispensable part of the healthy development of the lawn industry. Taizhou belongs to the Lixia River region. The climate is north subtropics humid type, and it has four distinct seasons. It is hot and rainy in summer, mild and less rainy in winter. The annual average temperature is about 15℃, and the annual average rainfall is about 1000 mm. The abundant rainfall and warm temperature provide natural conditions for lawn planting. At the same time, the high temperature in summer provides unique natural conditions for lawn planting. Both high humidity and high humidity provide favorable environmental conditions for the occurrence of fungal diseases in turfgrass. In this study, the disease of lawn grass in the main urban area of Taizhou City was investigated for the first time. The purpose was to find out the types and distribution of the disease, and to provide the basis and reference value for scientific management of lawn and formulate disease control measures in this area.
Conclusion
The occurrence of turf diseases is the result of the interaction of environmental factors (such as temperature and humidity), susceptible plants and pathogenic bacteria. Therefore, in the process of turf planting and maintenance, we should create the environment conditions which are beneficial to the growth of turf plants but not conducive to the storage of pathogens, and it should adapt to local conditions and we should comprehensively and systematically apply various preventive measures to coordinate the ecosystem composed of turf plant, disease and environment, and control the disease damage to the lowest level, so as to achieve the best economic, ecological and social benefits. The prevention and cure of lawn diseases should follow the principle: main prevention and comprehensive cure. Specific control measures are: first, the selection of disease-resistant varieties, balanced and appropriate fertilizer, moderate increase of P, K fertilizer can improve the disease resistance of lawn grass; second, scientific maintenance and management, such as timely pruning and clearance of grass debris and withered layer, and the summer pruning can not be too low, and when the resistance of the plant is low, we should improve the height of pruning, Timely removal of disease plants, no evening or night irrigation, etc. Third, for the newly-planted turf, we adopt mix seeds with pesticide. We can use protective fungicides (Thiram, Capeton, etc.) and inhalant fungicides (metalaxyl, Benomyl, thiophonate-methyl, etc.) in advance to prevent the occurrence of turf diseases to a minimum to extend the service life and use effect of lawn.
In short, through this study, we preliminarily understand the main species distribution, pathogenic pathogens, symptoms of turf grass fungal diseases in Hailing District of Taizhou City, providing some basic information for turf scientific conservation and management. ACKNOWLEDGMENT The research work was funded by the key project of Jiangsu Agri-animal Husbandry Vocational College (Grant No: ZD1207). Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program for College Students in Jiangsu Province in China, 2018 (Grant No:201812806047H)