Priority of Water Supply Service for Community in Gresik City, East Java Province
Abstract
Water supply is one of important aspect and a priority in urban planning. The fulfillment of a water supply necessity for Gresik City is still not optimized. Gresik City consists of 2 districts, namely Gresik District and Kebomas District. Based on ministerial regulation 14/2010 , coverage of water supply service at Gresik City was classified as bad with water supply service rate less than 50%. Hence, for the sake of optimizing and equity of water supply service at Gresik City, the identification of water supply service ratio of Gresik City and community’s perception of water supply service was needed. The research objective was to identify water supply service priority for community at Gresik City. The ratio analysis was done by calculation method based on water supply necessity and availability standard. While, the analysis of water supply service based on community’s perception was done by descriptive statistical analysis. The results showed that the highest ratio of water supply service was on Kroman Sub-District and the lowest ratio of water supply service was on Tenggulunan Sub-District. Based on community’s perception analysis, there are 93% of Gresik District residents and 75% of Kebomas District residents that haven’t used PDAM (local water supply company) water supply service. Furthermore, water supply service wasn’t optimized yet in term of water quality, quantity, continuity, so that the handling of water supply serv ice was focused on sub-district with lowest water supply service ratio.
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Introduction
Water is a resource that is very much needed by living things, whether it to fulfills their needs or sustains their life naturally. The use of water is universal and thorough on every aspect of life. The higher of life quality of a person, the higher needs of water too (Unus, 1996) [1]. Water supply is one of important aspect and a priority in urban planning (Catanese, 1996)[2].Water supply is no longer an available commodity and free to use, but a scarce commodity that needs a proper management (Kodoatie, 2002)[3].
Local Water Supply Company (PDAM) was carrying out a main task to manage and provides water supply service in order to increase public’s welfare as stated on RI Regulation 23/2014 about local government [4]. This company was also provided water supply service for Gresik City. Based on Gresik City Spatial Plan 2010[5], Gresik City was divided into two districts, namely Gresik District and Kebomas District.
Based on PDAM data on 2014, the level of water supply service on Gresik District was 46, 87 l/dt and Kebomas District was 44, 19 l/dt. Based on Ministerial Regulation 14/2010[6], on the water supply service standard, the water supply service on Gresik City was classified as bad because the level of servicew as below 50%. At Gresik District, there were nine sub - districts that classified as bad, namely Sub-district Gapurosukolilo (41%); Sub-district Bedilan (42%); Sub-district Kebungson (46%); Sub-district Pekelingan (27%); Sub-district Kemuteran (43%); Sub-district Kroman (48%); Sub-district Karangpoh (38%); Sub-district Karangturi (43%) and Sub-district Tlogopojok (34%). Whilst at Kebomas District there were 6 sub-districts that classified as bad, namely Sub-district Singosari (30%); Sub-district Karangkering (6%); Sub-district Gulomantung (32%); Sub-district Kedanyang (32%); Sub-district Tenggulunan (5%); and Sub-district Kawisanyar (8%).
Based on consensus on Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), the target of water supply service at urban areas on 2019 was 100%. In order to make equity of water supply service at Gresik City in accordance with SDGs target, a research about the condition of water supply service was needed, so that the water supply service at Gresik City could be optimized.
Conclusion
Water supply service priority was done by comparing the results of water supply necessity and availability analysis, with water supply service based on community’s perception analysis. The research’s conclusion, namely: 1. As a whole, the water supply service on research area hadn’t been able to reach the target of clean water service by 100%. The highest ratio of water supply service of Gresik District was on Kroman Sub-District, and the lowest ratio of water at supply service was on Pekelingan Sub-District. The highest ratio of water supply service of Kebomas District was on Gulomantung Sub-District and and the lowest ratio of water at supply service was on Tenggulunan Sub-District. 2. Most of Gresik District’s community hasn’t used PDAM water supply service (93%), whereas at Kebomas District, 75% of community hasn’t used PDAM water supply service. Water quality was mostly murky, salty, and not continuously streaming all day. The condition forced the community of Gresik and Kebomas Districts to seek other water supply sources to fulfill their needs, such as using gallon water, and buying water from water sellers with carts. 3. Based on the results, water supply service wasn’t optimized yet in term of water quality, quantity, continuity, so that the handling of water supply service was focused on sub-district with lowest water supply service ratio, such as Pekelingan Sub-District and Tenggulunan Sub-District
