Soil organic Carbon Stock affected by different cropping system of Prayagraj District, Eastern Uttar Pradesh, India

The concentration of Co in earth’satmosphere is currently at nearly 418.96 ppm in 2022 and rising (Mauna Loa 2 observatory/NOAA). This represents a 47 percent increase since the beginning of industrial age when the concentration was near 280 ppm. CO increase caused by primarily human activities because carbon produced by burning of fossil fuels 2 (Eawaran et al., 1993). Industry, transportation, and home use currently emit roughly 10 Gt CO2 into the atmosphere each year. Increasing SOC in agricultural systems has been considered as a possible solution to mitigate climate change, e.g., via removing atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO ) into the long-lived C pool as it occupies 40% of the earth land surface (Smith 2 2008). Soil are important global carbon pools as it constitutes the third largest carbon pool estimated at 2500 Pg to 1 mdepth so soil system has the potential to sequester significant amount of carbon by improved management, which could significantly offset fossil fuels GHG emissions (Lal 2004). Through changed agricultural techniques, it is proposed, much of this carbon can be restored to domesticated soils and thus serve as a significant tool to mitigate climate change, Soil carbon sequestration implies transferring atmospheric CO into long-lived pools and storing it in soil securely for long term to either 2 mitigate or defeat global warming and avoid dangerous climate change so it is not immediately re-emitted (Lal et al., 1995). Simply we can say that soil carbon sequestration is the process of transferring carbon dioxide from the atmosphere into the soil through crop residues and other organic solids, and in a form that is not immediately reemitted (Jones 2007). More recently, increasing crop rotational diversity has been shown to playa major role in increasing SOC storage and ecosystem functions, driven by enhanced root C input, soil microbial diversity, and soil aggregate stability (McDaniel et al., 2014). Crop rotations can be further improved by incorporation of perennial forages with extensive root systems to increase root C input and physical protection in soil aggregates, resulting in SOC sequestration (Varvel 2000, Kelley et al., 2003).