Study on Ground Water of Various Locations in Dewas Industrial Area of Madhya Pradesh India

The quality of groundwater is of great importance in determining the suitability of particular groundwater for a certain use (public water supply, irrigation, industrial application, power generation etc). The quality of groundwater is the resultant of all the processes and reactions that have acted on the water from the moment it condensed in the atmosphere to the time it is discharged by a well. The quality of groundwater depends on a large number of individual hydrological, physical, chemical and biological factors. Generally higher proportion of dissolved constituent is found in groundwater than in surface water because of greater interaction of groundwater with various materials in geologic strata. Contamination of water resources available for household and drinking purposes with heavy elements, metal ions and harmful microorganisms is one of the serious major health problems [1].

The major source of water pollution is domestic waste from urban and rural areas and industrial waste which is discharge into natural water bodies. Chemical industries also have concern within respect of disposal hazardous waste [2].Discharged from industries contains a number of chemical pollutions, such a Ammonia, Arsenic, Phenol, Cyanide, Thiocynide, Copper, Cadmium, Zinc, Chromium, Carbonate, Bi-carbonate, Nitrite, Phosphate, Oil and Grease in addition to total suspended solids volatile solids and score of other toxicants. It is difficult to imagine production human activity, be it agriculture or forestry, Livestock, farming & fisheries, trade or industry. The chemical, physical and bacterial characteristics of groundwater determined. These pollutants could bring about changed in temperature, humidity, oxygen supply, pesticide stress etc. amounting to a partial or complete alteration in the physical, chemical and physiological spheres of the biota [3].The physical and chemical properties of the substances influence their behavior in the subsurface and their likely impact on groundwater quality [4]. Partially treated industrial effluents combined with sewage and other wastes discharged on the surface cause severe groundwater pollution in the industrial belt [5].

In modern industrialization period, the most of water resources have affected enormously by seepage, leaching and mixing of industrial effluents inmost of the metropolitan cities and industrial townships [6]. The industrial effluents contain toxic chemicals, hazardous compounds, suspended solids and nonbiodegradable materials. The major source of surface and groundwater pollution is injudicious discharge of untreated industrial effluents directly into the surface water bodies resulting in surface and groundwater pollution [7].

The industrial effluents if not treated properly controlled, can pollute and cause serious damage to the groundwater resources [8]. Since, groundwater is occupying a major portion of water supply for both domestic and industrial purposes nowadays, it is highly essential that, its quality should match the domestic water standards [9]. Though industrial use of water is very low as compared to agricultural use, the disposal of industrial effluents on land and/or on surface water bodies make water (ground and surface) resources unsuitable for other uses. Industry is a small user of water in terms of quantity, but has a significant impact on quality [10]. Groundwater pollution is intrinsically difficult to detect, since the problem may well be concealed below the surface and monitoring is costly, time consuming and hard to resolve [11]. The most common and widespread health risk associated with drinking water is microbial contamination which has the potential to cause large outbreaks of water born diseases like dysentery, cholera, typhoid, skin infections etc [12]. Therefore groundwater quality, especially in areas that immediately surround industrial area are of increasing interest for study. This paper is an important study on the groundwater quality status of various locations in Dewas industrial area of Madhya Pradesh India.