The Effect of Papaya Fruit Peel Extract (Carica papaya L.) on The Percentage of External Offal in Broiler Chickens
Abstract
This study aims to determine the effect of papaya peel extract (Carica papaya L.) administered through drinking water on the percentage of external offal in 35-day-old broiler chickens. The study was conducted at the Sesetan Farm, Faculty of Animal Science, Udayana University in February 2025. The study involved 80 broilers that were given papaya peel extract in drinking water at different concentrations, namely 4%, 6% and 8%. The study was designed using a completely randomized design (CRD) with 4 treatments and 5 replications: P0 as the control (drinking water without papaya peel extract), P1 (drinking water with 4% papaya peel extract), P2 (drinking water with 6% papaya peel extract), and P3 (drinking water with 8% papaya peel extract). The variables observed were the percentage of external offal (head, neck, feet, blood, and feathers). The results showed that the administration of papaya peel extract at concentrations of 4%, 6% and 8% had no significant difference (P>0.05) on external offal. Therefore, this study concluded that the administration of papaya peel extract at concentrations of 4%, 6% and 8% in drinking water produced similar results on the percentage of external offal (head, neck, feet, blood and feathers) in 35-day-old broiler chickens.
Keywords
Broiler chickens
External offal
Papaya peel extract.
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Introduction
The growth in the population and the improvement in the standard of living of the Indonesian people have led to an increase in food demand, especially animal protein. Based on data from the Central Statistics Agency (BPS), the population of Indonesia continues to increase year by year. In 2020, the Population Census recorded a population of 270.20 million people. Population projections indicate an increase to 275.77 million people in 2022, 278.70 million people in 2023, and 281.60 million people in 2024. The need for animal protein can be met by one type of animal meat, namely broiler chicken. In 2013, per capita consumption was recorded at 3.65 kg per year and increased to 5.68 kg per year in 2017. In total, national consumption of broiler chicken during the 2017–2021 period reached an average of 1.62 million tons per year, placing Indonesia as the sixteenth largest consumer of broiler chicken in the world. This increase in consumption reflects the important role of broiler chicken as an affordable and popular source of animal protein among the Indonesian population.
Broiler chickens are the result of crossbreeding various chicken breeds with high meat production capabilities, making them one of the main commodities. Along with the growth in population, the production of broiler chicken meat in Indonesia has also shown an increase. Data on broiler chicken meat production per province from the Central Bureau of Statistics (BPS) in 2024 shows variations in production across different regions, with broiler chicken meat production in Bali reaching 93,596.37 tons. Denpasar City produced 8,268 tons of poultry meat in 2022. This increase in broiler chicken meat production reflects efforts to meet the rising demand in line with the growing population and the need for animal protein consumption in Bali. According to the Central Bureau of Statistics (BPS) data in 2024, the population of broiler chickens in Indonesia reached 3.11 billion, an increase of 6.43% compared to the previous year, which recorded 2.93 billion
Conclusion
Based on the research results, it can be concluded that the administration of 4%, 6%, and 8% papaya fruit peel extract in drinking water does not affect the percentage of external offal (head, feet, neck, blood, and feathers) in broiler chickens aged 35 days. Future studies should investigate higher concentrations of papaya peel extract or explore its effects on internal organ development, growth performance, or meat quality.
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