Trypanosome parasites and its diverse hosts: A Review
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Introduction
The aim of this review is to summarize what is currently known about the interactions between trypanosomatid parasites, its hosts and thoughts a bout their impact on environmental health, especially in those regions where hosts are natural reserves of many species. Wild life has been a major source of infectious diseases transmissible to humans [1, 2]. The zoonoses with a wild life reservoir represent an important public health problem all over the continents. A zoonosis is an infectious disease transmittable between animals and humans [3]. It is thought that trypanosomes had a single origin monogenetic as exclusively insect -borne parasites and later become digenetic parasites when vertebrates emerged since the Mesozoic era 230 mya [4]. Trypanosomes belong to the order Kinetoplastida and they infect many organisms.
Conclusion
It has been suggested that parasite evolution is influenced by biology and opportunity [41]. It is now widely accepted that novel infectious disease can be a leading cause of serious population decline [42]. In the case of mammals, however, there are still no well-corroborated instances of such diseases having caused or significantly contributed to the complete collapse of species. However during 2008 it was reported the first molecular evidence for a pathogen emerging in a native mammal species immediately prior to its final collapse [43]. As mentioned that it is not convenient unconditionally accept as definitive to the respects that affect ecology of parasite, vector competence and parasite interactions within an intermediate host or permanent rather keep in mind that global issues including climate change, populations migration, environmental changes and others factors serve to exacerbate parasite zoonoses and this problem continue to have a significant impact on public health throughout the world [44].
