Volume-9, Issue-5, May 2023

Abstract

India is a diverse country with many religions, and worship and offerings to deities playa significant role in people'sdaily lives. Floral offerings are commonly used in religious ceremonies and are a symbol of devotion and respect, therefore, temples generate a large amount and variety of flower waste. When not properly disposed of, temple waste, including floral waste, can end up in landfills or water bodies, where it can cause environmental problems. Discarded floral waste can also harm wildlife, clog drainage systems, and contribute to water pollution. Here we will discuss about the temples of Ayodhya, Uttar Pradesh. The majorly offered flowers in temples are marigold, rose, jasmine, chrysanthemum, hibiscus, etc. Tagetes erecta commonly called marigold is offered in tremendous amounts, so there is an urgent need to manage it sustainably. The primary product we extracted is the essence named ‘Pushpsar’ and secondarily essential oil from it. These flowers contain secondary metabolites, so the essential oil has significant medicinal value. Furthermore, the slurry by-product is used to make bio fertilizers, overall the flower waste which was disposed off earlier in the Holy Saryu River, now used as valuable products in sustainable modus.

Keywords: Essential Oil, Flower Waste, Marigolds, Steam Distillation, Temple waste

References

References not available

Abstract

Production of apple tends to decrease because of soil degradation. Objectives of this study are to determine the addition of compostAPT01 to increase fruit production in apple crop.This study aims to analyze the effect of the type and amount of compost APT01 as the soil organic matter to the apple crop production at 3 and 4 months of a day after defoliation and at harvest time (SR3, SR4 and SPN). The experiment was carried out according to completely randomized factorial design with the amount of compost APT01 and the season time of production. The experiment was conducted in 600 square meters. Organic materials of mud cake was fermented for 3 weeks. The amount of compost APT01 as much as 40, 60, and 80 kg per tree was applied a day after defoliation. A total of 27 apple trees aged about 10.0-10.5 years with a distance between trees 2-3 meters were randomly selected. Observations made during fruit growth 3 and 4 months after giving compost (SR3 and SR4) and at harvest (SPN). The parameters measured were the number and weight of fruit per tree. Results were analyzed variance, two-way ANOVA with interaction (α = 0.05), using Microsoft Excel. The addition of compost APT01 as much as 40, 60 and 80 kg per tree increasing the number and weight of fruit from initially 5.71 kg (58.84 fruits) to 9.99 kg (95.46 fruits) and 12.12 kg (104.06 fruits) respectively. Moreover, it also improves quality grade in terms of the average fruit produced from 9.56-10.22 fruits/kg (grade AB) to 8.59 fruits/kg (grade AA).

Keywords: organic; apple; APT01; compost; defoliation

References

References not available